Assistant Professor
Center for Aging and Population Health
Department of Epidemiology
Graduate School of Public Health
University of Pittsburgh

130 N. Bellefield Avenue, Room 515
Pittsburgh, PA 15213
Voice: 412-383-1293
Fax: 412-383-1308
E-mail: strotmeyere@edc.pitt.edu






Research Interests

• Peripheral nerve function
• Diabetes and glucose metabolism
• Osteoporosis
• Physical function and performance
• Methods in aging epidemiology

Research Support

• Principal Investigator, current and past support



• Peripheral nerve function decline in an aged cohort (2007-12), NIH/NIA
• Extending the assessment of gait for the Health ABC Study (2007-08), University of Pittsburgh Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center
• Physical performance and vitamin B12 levels in Caucasian and African-American older adults (2006-08), University of Pittsburgh Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center
• Longitudinal changes in bone mineral density with diabetes mellitus (2005-07), American Diabetes Association
• Epidemiology of bone mineral density in type 1 diabetic women and non-diabetic control women (2001-02), Lilly Center for Women's Health


• Co-Investigator, current and past support



• Racial disparities in older adults: Impact of Medicare Part D (2009-2011), NIH/NIA (PI: Joseph T. Hanlon)
• Impact of Medicare Part D on racial disparities in diabetes (2009-2012), AHRQ (PI: Julie Donohue)
• Exceptional Survival: Trajectories to Functional Aging (CHS) (2010-2011), NIH/NIA (PI: Newman AB)
• Imaging biomarkers of accelerated brain aging in Type-1 Diabetes (2010-2014), NIH/ NIDDK (PI: Rosano C)
• Risk factors and non-motor features of Parkinson disease in the Cardiovascular Health Study (2008-10), University of Pittsburgh Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center (PI: Samay Jain)
• Exceptional aging: 12 year trajectories to function (2004-2009), NIH/NIA (PI: Newman AB)

Education & Training

• Colgate University - B.A. Pre-health sciences/English literature, 1995
• University of Pittsburgh - M.P.H. Epidemiology, 1997
• University of Pittsburgh - Ph.D. Epidemiology, 2000

Professional Memberships

• 2006-present   Gerontological Society of America
• 2001-present   American Society of Bone and Mineral Research
• 2001-present   American Diabetes Association

Honors and Awards

• 2008   Course in Scientific Management and Leadership, Office of Academic Career Development, Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh
• 2007   Health Sciences Research Award, Gerontological Society of America
• 2007   Endocrine Society and Pfizer, Inc. International Award for Excellence in The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism in 2006
• 2006   Alumni Award for 2005, University of Pittsburgh Postdoctoral Association (UPPDA)
• 2005   Summer Institute on Aging Research, National Institute on Aging
• 2001   Delta Omega Honor Society, Omicron Chapter, University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health
• 1998   Delta Omega Award for best Epidemiology masters thesis, University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health
• 1995   Graduate School of Public Health Scholarship, University of Pittsburgh
• 1995   Magna cum laude with high honors in English literature, Colgate University
• 1995   Phi Beta Kappa, National Honor Society, Colgate University

Teaching

• 2007-present   Epidemiology 2981: Epidemiology of Aging Methods
• 2007   Epidemiology 2900: Advanced Epidemiology of Aging

Selected Publications

Chapters

Strotmeyer ES, Cauley JA. Epidemiology of osteoporosis and fractures. In Atlas of Osteoporosis, Third Edition (Ed. Eric Orwoll). 2009.

Vinik AI, Strotmeyer ES. Peripheral Neuropathy. In Principles and Practice of Geriatric Medicine, Fifth Edition. (Ed. John E. Morley). 2011. In Press.


Review Articles

Strotmeyer ES, Cauley JA. Diabetes mellitus, bone mineral density, and fracture risk. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2007. 14:429-435.

Vinik AI, Strotmeyer ES, Nakave AA, Patel CV. Diabetic neuropathy in older adults. Clin Geriatr Med. 2008. 24: 407-435. PMC2706706


Refereed Articles

Kizer JR, Arnold AM, Jenny NS, Cushman M, Strotmeyer ES, Ives DG, Ding J, Kritchevsky SB, Chaves PH, Hirsch CH, Newman AB. Longitudinal changes in adiponectin and inflammatory markers and relation to survival in the oldest old: The Cardiovascular Health Study All Stars Study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2011. In Press.

Lee CG, Boyko EJ, Strotmeyer ES, Lewis CE, Cawthon PM, Hoffman AR, Everson-Rose SA, Barrett-Connor E, Orwoll ES; the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Research Group. Insulin resistance is associated with lean mass loss and fat mass gain in non-diabetic, older men. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2011. In Press.

Strotmeyer ES, Kamineni A, Cauley JA, Robbins JR, Fried LF, Siscovick DS, Harris TB, Newman AB; the Cardiovascular Health Study. Potential explanatory factors for higher incident hip fracture risk in older diabetic adults. Curr Gerontol Geriatr Res. 2011. In Press.

Landau M, Kurella-Tamura M, Shlipak MG, Kanaya A, Strotmeyer E, Koster A, Satterfield S, Simsonick EM, Goodpaster B, Newman AB, Fried LF; for the Health, Aging and Body Composition Study. Correlates of insulin resistance in older individuals with and without kidney disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2011. In Press.

Jain S, Ton TG, Boudreau RM, Yang M, Thacker EL, Studenski S, Longstreth WT Jr, Strotmeyer ES, Newman AB. The risk of Parkinson disease associated with urate in a community based cohort of older adults. Neuroepidemiol. 2011. In Press.

Schwartz AV, Vittinghoff E, Bauer DC, Hillier TA, Strotmeyer ES, Ensrud KE, Donaldson MG, Cauley JA, Harris TB, Koster A, Womack CR, Palermo L, M. Black DM, for the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures (SOF), the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS), and the Health, Aging, and Body Composition (Health ABC) Research Groups. Association of BMD and FRAX score with risk of fracture in older adults with Type 2 diabetes. JAMA. 2011. 305:2184-2192. doi:10.1001/jama.2011.715

Barbour KE, Zmuda JM, Boudreau R, Strotmeyer ES, Horwitz MJ, Evans RW, Kanaya AM, Harris TB, Bauer DC, Cauley JA. Adipokines and the risk of fracture in older adults. J Bone Miner Res. 2011. In Press.

Barbour KE, Zmuda JM, Horwitz MJ, Strotmeyer ES, Boudreau R, Evans RW, Ensrud KE, Gordon CL, Petit MA, Patrick AL, Cauley JA, for the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Research Group. The association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D with indicators of bone quality in men of Caucasian and African ancestry. Osteoporos Int. 2010. In Press.

Everson-Rose SA, Paudel M, Taylor B, Dam T, Mannen Cawthon PM, LeBlanc E, Strotmeyer ES, Cauley J, Stefanick M, Barrett-Connor E, Ensrud K. Metabolic Syndrome and Physical Performance In Elderly Men: The Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Study. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2011. In Press.

Kim DH, Newman AB, Hajjar I, Strotmeyer ES, Klein R, Newton E, Sarnak MJ, Burke GL, Lipsitz LA. Retinal microvascular signs and functional loss in older persons: The Cardiovascular Health Study. Stroke. 2011;42(6):1589-1595. PMCID: NIHMS291361.

Pambianco G, Costacou T, Strotmeyer E, Orchard TJ. The assessment of clinical distal symmetric polyneuropathy in type 1 diabetes: A comparison of methodologies from the Pittsburgh Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications Cohort. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2011.;92(2):280-287. NIHMS282908.

Barbour KE, Zmuda JM, Boudreau R, Strotmeyer ES, Horwitz MJ, Evans RW, Kanaya AM, Harris TB, Bauer DC, Cauley JA. Adipokines and the risk of fracture in older adults. J Bone Miner Res. 2011. In Press.

Landau M, Kurella-Tamura M, Shlipak MG, Kanaya A, Strotmeyer E, Koster A, Satterfield S, Simsonick EM, Goodpaster B, Newman AB, Fried LF; the Health, Aging and Body Composition Study. Correlates of insulin resistance in older individuals with and without kidney disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2010. In Press

Lee CG, Boyko EJ, Strotmeyer ES, Lewis CE, Cawthon PM, Hoffman AR, Everson-Rose SA, Barrett-Connor E, Orwoll ES; the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Research Group. Insulin resistance is associated with lean mass loss and fat mass gain in non-diabetic, older men. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2010. In Press.

Anderson AL, Harris TB, Tylavsky FA, Perry SE, Houston DK, Hue TF, Strotmeyer ES, Sahyoun NR, for the Health ABC Study. Dietary patterns and survival of older adults. J Am Diet Assoc. 2011. 11(1):84-91. doi:10.1016/j.jada.2010.10.012

Kizer JR, Biggs ML, Ix JH, Mukamal KJ, Luc Djousse L, Zieman SJ, de Boer IH, Mozaffarian D, Barzilay JI, Strotmeyer ES, Luchsinger JA, Elkind MSV, Longstreth WT, Kuller LH, Siscovick DS. Measures of adiposity and future risk of ischemic stroke and coronary heart disease in older men and women. Am J Epidemiol. 2011. 173(1):10-25. PMC3025638 [Available on 2012/1/1].

Khalil N, Sutton-Tyrrell K, Strotmeyer ES, Greendale GA, Vuga M, Selzer F, Crandall CJ, Cauley JA. Menopausal bone changes and incident fractures in diabetic women: a cohort study. Osteoporos Int. 2011. 22:1367–1376. PMC2992105.

Pambianco G, Costacou T, Strotmeyer E, Orchard TJ. Risk factor associations with clinical distal symmetrical polyneuropathy and various neuropathy screening instruments and protocols in type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2011. 91(1):e15-20. PMC3093294 [Available on 2012/1/1]

Ton TG, Jain S, Boudreau R, Thacker EL, Strotmeyer ES, Newman AB, Longstreth WT, Checkoway H. Post-hoc Parkinson’s: Identifying an uncommon disease in the Cardiovascular Health Study. Neuroepidemiol. 2010. 35(4):241-249. PMC2978249.

Lipska K, de Rekeneire N, Vaness P, Johnson K, Kanaya A, Koster A, Strotmeyer ES, Goodpaster BH, Harris TB, Gill T, Inzucchi S. Identifying dysglycemic states in older adults: Implications of the emerging use of hemoglobin A1c. J Clin Endocrin Metabol. 2010. 95(12):5289-5295. PMC2999974 [Available on 2011/12/1].

Schafer AL, Vittinghoff E, Lang TF, Sellmeyer DE, Harris TB, Tylavsky FA, Kanaya AM, Strotmeyer ES, Cawthon PM, Cummings SR, Schwartz AV, for the Health, Aging and Body Composition (Health ABC) Study. Fat infiltration of muscle, diabetes, and clinical fracture risk in older adults. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010. 95(11):E368-E372. PMC2968723 [Available on 2011/11/1].

Kizer JR, Arnold A, Strotmeyer ES, Cushman M, Kritchevsky S, Chaves PH, Hirsch C, Newman AB. Change in circulating adiponectin in advanced old age: Determinants and impact on physical function and mortality. The Cardiovascular Health Study All Stars Study. J Gerontol A Med Sci Bio Sci. 2010. 65A(11):M1208-M1214. PMC2954239 [Available on 2011/11/1].

Shay CM, Secrest AM, Goodpaster BH, Kelsey SF, Strotmeyer ES, Orchard TJ. Regional adiposity and risk for coronary artery disease in type 1 diabetes: Does having greater amounts of gluteal-femoral adiposity lower the risk? Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2010. 89(3):288-295. PMC2919619 [Available on 2011/9/1].

Biggs ML, Mukamal KJ, Luchsinger JA, Ix JH, Carnethon MR, Newman AB, de Boer IH, Strotmeyer ES, Mozaffarian D, Siscovick DS. Association between adiposity in mid and late life and risk of diabetes in older adults. JAMA. 2010. 303(24):2504-2012. PMC3047456.

Barbour KE, Zmuda JM, Strotmeyer ES, Horwitz Boudreau R, Evans RW, Ensrud KE,Petit MA, Gordon CL, Cauley JA; the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Research Group. Correlates of trabecular and cortical volumetric bone mineral density of the radius and tibia in older men: The Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study. J Bone Mineral Res. 2010;25(5):1017-1028. DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.6

Strotmeyer ES, Arnold AM, Boudreau RM, Ives DG, Cushman M, Robbins JA, Harris TB, Newman AB. Long term retention of older adults in the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS): Implications for studies of the oldest old. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2010; 58:696-701. PMC2903735.

Chonchol M, Fried LF, Katz R, Sarnak MJ, Siscovick DS, Newman AB, Strotmeyer ES, Bertoni A , Shlipak MG. Glycosylated hemoglobin and the risk of death and cardiovascular mortality in the elderly. Nutrition, Metabolism & Cardiovascular Diseases. 2010;20(1):15-21. PMC2888268.

Petit MA, Paudel ML, Taylor B, Hughes J, Strotmeyer ES, Schwartz AV, Cauley JA, Zmuda JM, Hoffman AR, Ensrud KE. Bone mass and strength in older men with type 2 diabetes: The Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study. J Bone Miner Res. 2009;25(2):285-291. doi: 10.1359/jbmr.090725

Kalogeropoulos A, Georgiopoulou V, Harris TB, Kritchevsky SB, Bauer DC, Smith AL, Strotmeyer ES, Newman AB, Wilson PWF, Psaty BM, Butler J for the Health ABC Study. Glycemic status and incident heart failure in elderly without history of diabetes mellitus: The Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study. J Cardiac Failure. 2009. 15(7):593-599. PMC2765194

Miljkovic I, Cauley JA, Petit MA, Ensrud KE, Strotmeyer ES, Sheu Y, Gordon CL, Goodpaster BH, Bunker CH, Patrick AL, Wheeler VW, Kuller LH, Faulkner KA, Zmuda JM, for the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Research Group and the Tobago Health Studies Research Group. Greater adipose tissue infiltration in skeletal muscle among older men of African ancestry. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009. 94(8):2735-2742. PMCID: PMC2730872

Schwartz AV, Garnero P, Hillier TA, Sellmeyer DE, Strotmeyer ES, Feingold KR, Resnick HE, Tylavsky FA, Black DM, Cummings SR, Harris TB, Bauer DC, for the Health Aging and Body Composition Study. Pentosidine and increased fracture risk in older adults with type 2 diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009. 94(7):2380-2386. PMC2708944

Sanders J, Cauley JA, Boudreau RM, Zmuda J, Strotmeyer ES, Opresko P, Hsueh WC, Cawthorn R, Li R, Harris T, Kritchevsky S, Newman AB, for the Health ABC Study. Leukocyte telomere length is not associated with bone mineral density, osteoporosis, or fracture in older adults: results from the Health, Aging and Body Composition Study. J Bone Miner Res. 2009. 24(9):1531-1536. PMC2730927

Strotmeyer ES, De Rekeneire N, Schwartz AV, Resnick HE, Goodpaster BH, Shorr RI, Faulkner KA, Vinik AI, Harris TB, Newman AB, for the Health ABC Study. Sensory and motor peripheral nerve function and lower-extremity quadriceps strength: The Health, Aging and Body Composition (Health ABC) Study. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2009. 57:2004-2010. PMC2899705.

Newman AB, Arnold AM, Sachs MC, Ives DG, Cushman M, Strotmeyer ES, Ding J, Kritchevsky SB, Chaves PHM, Fried LP, Robbins J. Long term function in an older cohort - The CHS All Stars Study. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2009;57:432-440. PMC2736556

Collins TC, Ewing SK, Diem SJ, Taylor BC, Orwoll ES, Cummings SR, Strotmeyer ES, Ensrud KE. 2009. Peripheral arterial disease is associated with higher rates of hip bone loss and fracture risk in older men. Circulation. 119:2305-2312. PMC2766264

Strotmeyer ES, De Rekeneire N, Schwartz AV, Faulkner KA, Resnick HE, Goodpaster BH, Shorr RI, Vinik AI, Harris TB, Newman AB. 2008. The relationship of reduced peripheral nerve function and diabetes to physical performance in older white and black adults: The Health, Aging and Body Composition (Health ABC) Study. Diabetes Care. 31:1767-1772. PMC2518342

Deshpande N, Ferrucci L, Metter EJ, Faulkner KA, Strotmeyer ES, Satterfield S, Schwartz AV, Simonsick EM. 2008. Association of lower limb cutaneous sensitivity with gait speed in the elderly: The Health ABC Study. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 87:921-928.

Brach JS, Talkowski J, Strotmeyer ES, Newman AB. 2008. Diabetes mellitus and gait dysfunction: Possible explanatory factors. Phys Ther. 88:1365-1374.

Lauretani F, Bandinelli S, Strotmeyer ES, Woodman RC, Giacomini V, Corsi AM, Di Iorio A, Guralnik JM, Ferrucci L. 2008. Erythropoietin and polyneuropathy in older persons. Mech Ageing Dev. 129:299-303.

Schwartz AV, Vittinghoff E, Sellmeyer DE, Feingold KR, de Rekeneire N, Strotmeyer ES, Shorr RI, Vinik AI, Odden M, Park SW, Faulkner KA, Harris TB, for the Health ABC Study. 2008. Diabetes-related complications, glycemic control, and falls in older adults. Diabetes Care. 31:391-396. PMC2288549

Rajpathak SN, McGinn AP, Strickler HD, Rohan TE, Pollak M, Cappola AR, Kuller LH, Xue XN, Newman AB, Strotmeyer ES, Psaty BM, Kaplan RC. 2008. Insulin-like growth factor-(IGF)-axis, inflammation, and glucose intolerance among older adults. Growth Hormone & IGF Research. 18:166-173. PMC2492581

Park SW, Goodpaster BH, Strotmeyer ES, Kuller LH, Boudreau RM, Kammerer C, de Rekeneire N, Harris TB, Schwartz AV, Tylavsky FA, Cho YW, Newman AB, for the Health, Aging and Body Composition Study. 2007. Accelerated loss of skeletal muscle strength in older adults with type 2 diabetes: The Health, Aging and Body Composition Study. Diabetes Care. 30:1507-1512.

Maraldi C, Volpato S, Penninx BW, Yaffe K, Simonsick EM, Strotmeyer ES, Cesari M, Kritchevsky SB, Perry S, Ayonayon HN, Pahor M. 2007. Diabetes, glycemic control and incident depressive symptoms among 70-79 year old persons: The Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study. Arch Intern Med. 167:1137-1144.

Manini TM, Visser M, Park SW, Patel K, Strotmeyer ES, Chen H, Goodpaster BH, de Rekeneire N, Newman AB, Simonsick EM, Kritchevsky SB, Ryder KM, Schwartz AV, Harris TB. 2007. Knee extension strength cutpoints for maintaining mobility: The Health, Aging and Body Composition Study. J Am Geriatr Soc. 55:451-457.

Strotmeyer ES, Cauley JA, Schwartz AV, de Rekeneire N, Resnick HE, Zmuda JM, Shorr RI, Tylavsky FA, Vinik AI, Harris TB, Newman AB, for the Health ABC Study. 2006. Reduced peripheral nerve function is related to lower hip BMD and calcaneal QUS in older white and black adults: The Health, Aging and Body Composition Study. J Bone Miner Res. 21:1803-1810.

Schwartz AV, Sellmeyer DE, Vittinghoff E, Palermo L, Lecka-Czernik B, Feingold KR, Strotmeyer ES, Resnick HE, Carbone L, Beamer BA, Park SW, Lane NE, Harris TB, Cummings SR, for the Health ABC Study. 2006. Thiazolidinedione (TZD) use and bone loss in older diabetic adults. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 91:3349-3354.

Bonds DE, Larson JC, Schwartz AV, Strotmeyer ES, Robbins J, Rodriguez BL, Johnson KC, Margolis KL. 2006. Increased risk of fracture in women with type 2 diabetes: The Women’s Health Initiative. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 91:3304-3310.

Ryder KM, Shorr RI, Tylavsky FA, Bush AJ, Bauer DC, Simosick EM, Strotmeyer ES, Harris TB, for the Health ABC Study. 2006. Correlates of use of antifracture therapy in older women with low bone mineral density. J Gen Intern Med. 21:636-641.

Strotmeyer ES, Cauley JA, Orchard TJ, Steenkiste AR, Dorman JS. 2006. Middle-aged premenopausal women with type 1 diabetes have lower bone mineral density and calcaneal quantitative ultrasound than non-diabetic women. Diabetes Care. 29:306-311.

Farhat GN, Strotmeyer ES, Newman AB, Sutton-Tyrell K, Bauer DC, Harris TB, Johnson KC, Taaffe DR, Cauley JA, for the Health ABC Study. 2006. Volumetric and areal bone mineral density measures are associated with cardiovascular disease in older men and women: The Health, Aging and Body Composition Study (Health ABC). Calcif Tissue Int. 79:102-111.

de Rekeneire N, Peila R, Ding J, Colbert LH, Visser M, Shorr RI, Kritchevsky SB, Kuller LH, Strotmeyer ES, Schwartz AV, Vellas B, Harris TB, for the Health ABC Study. 2006. Diabetes, hyperglycemia and inflammation in older persons: The Health, Aging and Body Composition Study. Diabetes Care. 29:1902-1908.

Park SW, Goodpaster BH, Strotmeyer ES, de Rekeneire N, Harris TB, Schwartz AV, Tylavsky FA, Newman AB, for the Health ABC Study. 2006. Decreased muscle strength and quality in older adults with type 2 diabetes: The Health, Aging and Body Composition Study. Diabetes. 55:1813-1818.

Strotmeyer ES, Cauley JA, Schwartz AV, Nevitt MC, Resnick HE, Bauer DC, Tylavsky FA, de Rekeneire N, Harris TB, Newman AB, for the Health ABC Study. 2005. Non-traumatic fracture risk with diabetes and impaired fasting glucose in older white and black adults: The Health, Aging and Body Composition Study. Arch Intern Med. 165:1612-1617.

Schwartz AV, Sellmeyer DE, Strotmeyer ES, Tylavsky FA, Feingold KR, Resnick HE, Shorr RI, Nevitt MC, Black DM, Cauley JA, Cummings SR, Harris TB, for the Health ABC Study. 2005. Diabetes and bone loss at the hip in older black and white adults. J Bone Miner Res. 20:596-603.

Strotmeyer ES, Cauley JA, Schwartz AV, Nevitt MC, Resnick HE, Zmuda JM, Bauer DC, Tylavsky FA, de Rekeneire N, Harris TB, Newman AB for the Health ABC Study. 2004. Diabetes is associated independently of body composition with bone mineral density and bone volume in older white and black men and women: The Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study. J Bone Miner Res. 19:1084-1091.

Strotmeyer ES, Yang Z, LaPorte RE, Chang Y-F, Steenkiste AR, Pietropaolo M, Nucci A, Shen S, Wang L, Wang B, Dorman JS. 2004. Infant diet and type 1 diabetes in China. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. 65:283-292.

Strotmeyer ES, Steenkiste AR, Foley TP, Berga SL, Dorman JS. 2003. Menstrual cycle differences between women with type 1 diabetes and women without diabetes. Diabetes Care 26: 1016-1021.

Dorman JS, Steenkiste AR, Foley TP, Strotmeyer ES, Burke JP, Kuller LH, Kwoh CK. 2001. The menopause in type 1 diabetic women: Is it premature? Diabetes. 50:1875-1862.